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61.
Hamid Ezzatpanah Vicente M. Gómez-López Tatiana Koutchma Farnoush Lavafpour Frank Moerman Mohammad Mohammadi Dele Raheem 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2022,21(2):904-941
Food- and waterborne viruses, such as human norovirus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis E virus, rotaviruses, astroviruses, adenoviruses, and enteroviruses, are major contributors to all foodborne illnesses. Their small size, structure, and ability to clump and attach to inanimate surfaces make viruses challenging to reduce or eliminate, especially in the presence of inorganic or organic soils. Besides traditional wet and dry methods of disinfection using chemicals and heat, emerging physical nonthermal decontamination techniques (irradiation, ultraviolet, pulsed light, high hydrostatic pressure, cold atmospheric plasma, and pulsed electric field), novel virucidal surfaces, and bioactive compounds are examined for their potential to inactivate viruses on the surfaces of foods or food contact surfaces (tools, equipment, hands, etc.). Every disinfection technique is discussed based on its efficiency against viruses, specific advantages and disadvantages, and limitations. Structure, genomic organization, and molecular biology of different virus strains are reviewed, as they are key in determining these techniques effectiveness in controlling all or specific foodborne viruses. Selecting suitable viral decontamination techniques requires that their antiviral mechanism of action and ability to reduce virus infectivity must be taken into consideration. Furthermore, details about critical treatments parameters essential to control foodborne viruses in a food production environment are discussed, as they are also determinative in defining best disinfection and hygiene practices preventing viral infection after consuming a food product. 相似文献
62.
Cybernetics and Systems Analysis - The authors propose a new method for finding the sum of two or more multidigit values in a parallel computational model. The method reduces finding the sum of a... 相似文献
63.
Christopher J. Marvel Qirong Yang Scott D. Walck Kelvin Y. Xie Kristopher D. Behler Jerry C. LaSalvia Masashi Watanabe Richard A. Haber Martin P. Harmer 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2022,105(5):2990-3007
Compositional analysis of boron carbide on nanometer length scales to examine or interpret atomic mechanisms, for example, solid-state amorphization or grain-boundary segregation, is challenging. This work reviews advancements in high-resolution microanalysis to characterize multiple generations of boron carbide. First, ζ-factor microanalysis will be introduced as a powerful (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM) analytical framework to accurately characterize boron carbide. Three case studies involving the application of ζ-factor microanalysis will then be presented: (1) accurate stoichiometry determination of B-doped boron carbide using ζ-factor microanalysis and electron energy loss spectroscopy, (2) normalized quantification of silicon grain-boundary segregation in Si-doped boron carbide, and (3) calibration of a scanning electron microscope X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) system to measure compositional homogeneity differences of B/Si-doped arc-melted boron carbides in the as-melted and annealed conditions. Overall, the improvement and application of advanced analytical tools have helped better understand processing–microstructure–property relationships and successfully manufacture high-performance ceramics. 相似文献
64.
Jakeria Mohd Rafiuddin Toh Rou Jun Chen Xiao-Bo Cole Ivan S. 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2022,52(6):1021-1044
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry - Organic corrosion inhibitors have become competent alternatives to hazardous chrome conversion coatings due to their rapid adsorption over metal surfaces in... 相似文献
65.
Rukomoynikov A. A. Yuminov I. P. Khamitov A. I. Garifullin I. Sh. Agliullin Ya. F. 《Russian Engineering Research》2022,42(9):916-919
Russian Engineering Research - Systems are considered for the dehydration of petroleum so as to separate water–petroleum emulsions. In particular, the low-temperature microwave (UHF)... 相似文献
66.
Wireless Personal Communications - Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is enhancing for different applications. Simultaneously, energy consumption for processing the tasks in most of the... 相似文献
67.
Volkov K. N. Emelyanov V. N. Karpenko A. G. 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》2022,95(1):80-89
Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics - A simulation of the vibroacoustic processes proceeding in a long pipe with an obstacle in the form of a circular cylinder, in which a fluid flows,... 相似文献
68.
Radiochemistry - The sorption extraction of Pu and Am from nitric acid simulation solutions were studied on a solid extractant (TVEX) AXIONIT MND 40T in a static mode. It is shown that the... 相似文献
69.
70.